Intestinal transit
Food has a long way to go. During this gastrointestinal odyssey, which can last thirty-six hours, food is chewed and predigested in the mouth and descends through the esophagus into the stomach, driven by undulating movements of the esophageal wall. The cardiac glands located at the entrance to the stomach lubricate the food entering it. The stomach secretes hydrochloric acid and a number of enzymes that help digest carbohydrates, proteins and dietary lipids. Once liquefied, the food slides towards the duodenum and enters the small intestine, responsible for completing digestion and absorption of foods (nutrients) used in the lymphatic system and circulation.
Constipation occurs when stools are hard, dry, and difficult to pass. It is usually diagnosed by having bowel movements less than 3 times a week. Recurrent constipation most often results in bloating and abdominal pain, but can also lead to serious complications.
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